Description of forewing venation pattern of the honey bee (Apis mellifera ) in Granma, Cuba
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![Configuración consenso de la venación del ala anterior derecha de la abeja de la miel (A) y rejillas de deformación respecto a ella de cuatro individuos ubicados en las coordenadas: [0,004; 0,028] (B), [0,022;-0,001] (C), [-0,006;-0,023] (D) y [-0,027; 0,001] (E) del gráfico de las curvaturas relativas 1 y 2. Las deformaciones de las rejillas muestran las diferencias entre la configuración consenso y la de los individuos. La escala de colores representa las contracciones (azul) y las expansiones (rojo).](https://apiciencia.edicionescervantes.com/public/journals/1/article_89_cover_es.jpg)
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Abstract
The honey bee exhibits considerable variability in morphology, behavior and population dynamics. In Cuba several subspecies have been introduced, which have hybridized leading to locally adapted populations, showing a mosaic of distinctive morphological characters of the subspecies originally introduced. Granma province beekeeping develops from commercial breeding populations of queen bees, subject to a national breeding program. These are distributed throughout the country, covering different environmental conditions. The analysis of the wing vein pattern using geometric morphometry is a useful tool for studying populations of honey bee tool. This paper aims to describe the design of wing venation of honey bee in Granma province using geometric morphometric methods. Samples from four farms in this province and a wild hive were taken for a total of 21 beehives and 205 individuals. Manually placed 19 key points in conjunctions veins right forewing of each individual. Average venation design shape shown in consensus configuration was obtained. The graph on the curvatures 1 and 2 showed no differentiation between breeding; however, the Monte Carlo analysis showed significant differences between wild hive and all farms and between some of these.
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